Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/2440/17288
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dc.contributor.authorHussein, T.-
dc.contributor.authorFroiland, D.-
dc.contributor.authorAmato, F.-
dc.contributor.authorThompson, J.-
dc.contributor.authorGilchrist, R.-
dc.date.issued2005-
dc.identifier.citationJournal of Cell Science, 2005; 118(22):5257-5268-
dc.identifier.issn0021-9533-
dc.identifier.issn1477-9137-
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2440/17288-
dc.description© The Company of Biologists Ltd 2005-
dc.description.abstractParacrine factors secreted by the oocyte regulate a broad range of cumulus cell functions. Characteristically, cumulus cells have a low incidence of apoptosis and we proposed that this is due to oocyte-secreted factors acting in an anti-apoptotic manner. Bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes (COC) were aspirated from abattoir-derived ovaries and oocytectomized (OOX) by microsurgical removal of the oocyte. OOX were treated with doses of either denuded oocytes (DO) or various growth factors for 24 hours (± rFSH; 0.1 IU/ml). Proportions of apoptotic cumulus cells were assessed using TUNEL and laser confocal scanning microscopy followed by image analysis. Quantification of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins in OOX was undertaken by western analysis. Oocyte removal led to a significant increase in cumulus cell apoptosis compared with COC controls (35% versus 9% TUNEL positive, respectively; P<0.001). Levels of OOX apoptosis were significantly reversed (P<0.001) in a dose-dependent manner when co-cultured with oocytes. Furthermore, the anti-apoptotic effect of oocyte-secreted factors followed a gradient from the site of the oocyte(s). Growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) had no significant effect on cumulus cell apoptosis. By contrast, cumulus cell apoptosis was significantly (P<0.001) reduced by bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) 15, 6 or 7. Accordingly, levels of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 were high in OOX+DO and OOX+BMP15 and low with OOX+GDF9 or OOX alone, whereas the reverse was observed for pro-apoptotic Bax. DO, BMP15 and BMP6 were also able to protect cumulus cells from undergoing apoptosis induced by staurosporine. FSH partially prevented apoptosis in all treatment groups (P<0.001). Follistatin and a BMP6 neutralizing antibody, which antagonized the anti-apoptotic effects of BMP15 and BMP6, respectively, whether alone or combined, blocked ~50% of the anti-apoptotic actions of oocytes. These results are the first to demonstrate that oocyte-secreted factors, and particularly BMP15 and BMP6, maintain the low incidence of cumulus cell apoptosis by establishing a localized gradient of bone morphogenetic proteins.-
dc.description.statementofresponsibilityTamer S. Hussein, David A. Froiland, Fred Amato, Jeremy G. Thompson and Robert B.-
dc.language.isoen-
dc.publisherCompany of Biologists Ltd-
dc.source.urihttp://jcs.biologists.org/cgi/content/abstract/118/22/5257-
dc.subjectoocyte-secreted factors-
dc.subjectbone morphogenetic proteins-
dc.subjectcumulus cell-
dc.subjectapoptosis-
dc.titleOocytes prevent cumulus cell apoptosis by maintaining a morphogenic paracrine gradient of bone morphogenetic proteins-
dc.typeJournal article-
dc.identifier.doi10.1242/jcs.02644-
pubs.publication-statusPublished-
dc.identifier.orcidThompson, J. [0000-0003-4941-7731]-
dc.identifier.orcidGilchrist, R. [0000-0003-1611-7142]-
Appears in Collections:Aurora harvest 6
Obstetrics and Gynaecology publications

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