Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/2440/23143
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Type: Journal article
Title: Perturbations in mouse embryo development and viability caused by ammonium are more severe after exposure at the cleavage stages
Author: Zander, D.
Thompson, J.
Lane, M.
Citation: Biology of Reproduction, 2006; 74(2):288-294
Publisher: Soc Study Reproduction
Issue Date: 2006
ISSN: 0006-3363
1529-7268
Statement of
Responsibility: 
Deirdre L. Zander, Jeremy G. Thompson, and Michelle Lane
Abstract: The presence of ammonium in culture medium has a detrimental effect on embryo physiology and biochemistry; however, the stage at which the embryo is most sensitive to this effect is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the exact stage at which the embryo is most vulnerable to ammonium by exposing the preimplantation embryo to 300 muM ammonium either at the precompaction stage (between the zygote and two-cell or the two-cell to eight-cell) or at the postcompaction stage (between the eight-cell and blastocyst). This study determined that exposure of embryos to ammonium at the precompaction stage from either the zygote to two-cell stage or from the two-cell to the eight-cell stage did not affect the rate of development to the blastocyst stage; however, the resultant blastocysts had decreased cell numbers and inner cell mass cells. Furthermore, these blastocysts had increased levels of cellular apoptosis and perturbed levels of Slc2a3 expression and glucose uptake. Transfer of these blastocysts revealed that, while implantation was not affected, the number of fetuses was reduced by culture with ammonium at the precompaction stage and fetal development was delayed, as observed by reduced crown-rump length and maturity. In contrast, the later stage embryo was more resistant to the negative effects of ammonium, with only Slc2a3 expression and fetal maturity affected. This raises the possibility that the later stage embryo is more able to protect itself from in vitro-derived stress and that the majority of in vitro-induced damage to mouse embryos is inflicted at the early stages of development.
Keywords: assisted reproductive technology
early development
embryo
gene regulation
in vitro fertilization
Description: © 2006 by the Society for the Study of Reproduction, Inc.
DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.105.046235
Published version: http://www.biolreprod.org/cgi/content/abstract/74/2/288
Appears in Collections:Aurora harvest 2
Obstetrics and Gynaecology publications

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