Prevalence and characteristics of lung function changes in recreational scuba divers

Abstract

<h4>Aims</h4>To investigate the hypothesis that a salt water SCUBA dive may cause bronchoconstriction in some individuals.<h4>Methods</h4>100 experienced recreational SCUBA divers acted as their own controls. Spirometry measures were taken with Easyone(TM) spirometers before and after a dive. Measures recorded included FEV1/FVC ratio and forced mid-expiratory flow (FEF25-75%).<h4>Results</h4>60 participants (68% male, 32% female) aged between 19-68 years (mean 47 years) produced data meeting ATS/ERS international standards. Of these, 23% exhibited pre-dive FEV1/FVC ratio values less than 75%. Statistics on paired samples of pre- and post-parameters showed a significant decrease in FVC post-dive but did not show significant reductions in FEV1 or FEV1/FVC. Six (10%) were current smokers and 13 (21%) were former smokers.<h4>Conclusions</h4>25% of participants had reduced FEV1/FVC ratio regardless of undertaking a dive. Consideration of the clinical implications requires further investigation.