The effect of antenatal dietary and lifestyle advice for women who are overweight or obese on emotional well-being: the LIMIT randomized trial

Abstract

Our aim was to evaluate the effect of dietary and lifestyle advice to women who were overweight or obese during pregnancy on maternal quality of life, anxiety and risk of depression, and satisfaction with care.We conducted a randomized trial, involving pregnant women with body mass index >25kg/m(2) , recruited from maternity units in South Australia. Women were randomized to Lifestyle Advice or Standard Care, and completed questionnaires assessing risk of depression (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale), anxiety (Speilberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory), and quality of life (SF-36) at trial-entry, 28 and 36 weeks gestation, and four months postpartum. Secondary trial outcomes assessed for this analysis were risk of depression, anxiety, maternal quality of life, and satisfaction with care.One or more questionnaires were completed by 976 of 1,108 (90.8%) women receiving Lifestyle Advice and 957 of 1,104 (89.7%) women receiving Standard Care. The risk of depression (adjusted risk ratio 1.01; 95% CI 0.82-1.24; p=0.95), anxiety (adjusted risk ratio 1.09; 95% CI 0.93-1.27; p=0.31), and health related quality of life were similar between the two groups. Women receiving Lifestyle Advice reported improved healthy food choice (Lifestyle Advice 404 (68.9%) vs Standard Care 323 (51.8%); p<0.0001), and exercise (Lifestyle Advice 444 (75.8%) vs Standard Care 367 (58.8%); p<0.0001) knowledge, and reassurance about their (Lifestyle Advice 499 (85.3%) vs Standard Care 485 (77.9%); p=0.0112), and their baby's health (Lifestyle Advice 527 (90.2%) vs Standard Care 545 (87.6%); p=0.0143).Lifestyle Advice in pregnancy improved knowledge and provided reassurance without negatively impacting well-being.