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https://hdl.handle.net/2440/103985
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Type: | Journal article |
Title: | Long-term effects of very low-carbohydrate and high-carbohydrate weight-loss diets on psychological health in obese adults with type 2 diabetes: randomized controlled trial |
Author: | Brinkworth, G.D. Luscombe-Marsh, N.D. Thompson, C.H. Noakes, M. Buckley, J.D. Wittert, G. Wilson, C.J. |
Citation: | Journal of Internal Medicine, 2016; 280(4):388-397 |
Publisher: | Wiley |
Issue Date: | 2016 |
ISSN: | 0954-6820 1365-2796 |
Statement of Responsibility: | G.D. Brinkworth, N.D. Luscombe-Marsh, C.H. Thompson, M. Noakes, J.D. Buckley, G. Wittert & C.J. Wilson |
Abstract: | Background/Objective: Very low-carbohydrate, high-fat (LC) diets are used for type 2 diabetes (T2DM) management, but their effects on psychological health remain largely unknown. This study examined the long-term effects of an LC diet on psychological health. Methods: One hundred and fifteen obese adults [age: 58.5 ± 7.1 years; body mass index: 34.6 ± 4.3 kg m(-2) ; HbA1c : 7.3 ± 1.1%] with T2DM were randomized to consume either an energy-restricted (~6 to 7 MJ), planned isocaloric LC or high-carbohydrate, low-fat (HC) diet, combined with a supervised exercise programme (3 days week(-1) ) for 1 year. Body weight, psychological mood state and well-being [Profile of Mood States (POMS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Spielberger State Anxiety Inventory (SAI)] and diabetes-specific emotional distress [Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID) Questionnaire] and quality of life [QoL Diabetes-39 (D-39)] were assessed. Results: Overall weight loss was 9.5 ± 0.5 kg (mean ± SE), with no difference between groups (P = 0.91 time × diet). Significant improvements occurred in BDI, POMS (total mood disturbance and the six subscales of anger-hostility, confusion-bewilderment, depression-dejection, fatigue-inertia, vigour-activity and tension-anxiety), PAID (total score) and the D-39 dimensions of diabetes control, anxiety and worry, sexual functioning and energy and mobility, P < 0.05 time. SAI and the D-39 dimension of social burden remained unchanged (P ≥ 0.08 time). Diet composition had no effect on the responses for the outcomes assessed (P ≥ 0.22 time × diet). Conclusion: In obese adults with T2DM, both diets achieved substantial weight loss and comparable improvements in QoL, mood state and affect. These results suggest that either an LC or HC diet within a lifestyle modification programme that includes exercise training improves psychological well-being. |
Keywords: | Diabetes; diet; macronutrient composition; psychological well-being; weight loss |
Rights: | © 2016 The Association for the Publication of the Journal of Internal Medicine |
DOI: | 10.1111/joim.12501 |
Grant ID: | http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1030415 |
Published version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/joim.12501 |
Appears in Collections: | Aurora harvest 3 Medicine publications |
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