Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
https://hdl.handle.net/2440/134852
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Type: | Journal article |
Title: | Brief assessment of male depression in clinical care: Validation of the Male Depression Risk Scale short form in a cross-sectional study of Australian men |
Author: | Herreen, D. Rice, S. Zajac, I. |
Citation: | BMJ Open, 2022; 12(3):e053650 -1-e053650 - 9 |
Publisher: | BMJ |
Issue Date: | 2022 |
ISSN: | 2044-6055 2044-6055 |
Statement of Responsibility: | Danielle Herreen, Simon Rice, Ian Zajac |
Abstract: | Objectives: To develop and validate a short form of the Male Depression Risk Scale (MDRS-22) for use in primary care, examining associations with prototypic depression symptoms, psychological distress and suicidality. Design Cross-sectional study with 8-month follow-up. Setting Community-based. Participants: A community sample of younger (n=510; 18–64 years) and older (n=439; 65–93 years) men residing in Australia (M age=58.09 years, SD=17.77) participated in the study. A subset of respondents (n=159 younger men; n=169 older men) provided follow-up data approximately eightmonths later. Primary and secondary outcome measures: Quantitative data were obtained through a survey comprising a range of validated measures, including the MDRS-22, the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10). The MDRS-22 was refined using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis in line with best practice guidelines. Analysis of variance and generalised linear models were conducted to explore relationships between variables. Results: The short-form MDRS consisted of seven items (MDRS-7) and captured all of the domains in the original tool. Participants with mixed symptoms (PHQ-9 ≥10and MDRS-7 >5) had significantly higher risk of mental illness (K10 ≥ 25) and current suicidality (PHQ-9 item 9 ≥ 1) than those with exclusively prototypic symptoms (PHQ-9 ≥10and MDRS-7 ≤5). Furthermore, the MDRS-7 was shown to be effective at predicting elevated symptoms of depression at follow-up, after controlling for previous depression diagnosis. Conclusions: Findings provide preliminary evidence of the potential utility of the MDRS-7 as a screening tool for externalised and male-type symptoms associated with major depression in men. Field trials of the MDRS-7 in primary care settings may facilitate identification of men at risk of suicide and psychological distress who do not meet cut-off scores for existing measures of major depression symptoms. |
Keywords: | Humans Cross-Sectional Studies Depression Depressive Disorder, Major Aged Middle Aged Australia Male Suicidal Ideation |
Rights: | © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. |
DOI: | 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053650 |
Grant ID: | http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1158881 |
Published version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053650 |
Appears in Collections: | Psychology publications |
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hdl_134852.pdf | Published version | 428.77 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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